文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：云南会泽寒武系马路磷矿床富集机理与控制因素

英文题名：Enrichment mechanism and control factors of Cambrian Malu Phosphate Deposit in Huize,Yunnan

作者：庞雨雨 杨瑞东 李洪建 张宗祥 刘坤 向明坤 彭柔 高川黔 蒋元 程玛莉 杨佳政 高军波

第一作者：庞雨雨

机构：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵阳550025;[2]贵州大学喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室,贵阳550025;[3]贵州省有色金属和核工业地质勘查局二总队,贵州六盘水553000;[4]贵州理工学院资源与环境工程学院,贵阳550003;[5]贵州省有色金属和核工业地质勘查局地质矿产勘查院,贵阳550000

第一机构：贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵阳550025

年份：2026

卷号：72

期号：2

起止页码：527-542

中文期刊名：地质论评

外文期刊名：Geological Review

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2023YFC2906604);贵州省磷矿探矿顶尖专家团队(编号:黔科合人才CXTD[2025]013);贵州省地质勘查资金项目(编号:2024-2号);贵州省毕节地区磷矿调查评价项目和贵州省科技厅项目(编号:黔科合支撑[2024]一般128,黔科合基础项目[2020]1Y160)的成果。

语种：中文

中文关键词：富集机理;地球化学特征;寒武系;马路磷矿床;云南会泽

外文关键词：Enrichment mechanism;geochemical characteristics;Cambrian;Malu phosphorites;Huize Yunnan

摘要：寒武纪是全球最为重要成磷期之一,并在世界各地广泛沉积了磷块岩矿床,但多以中低品位为主。云南—贵州是我国寒武纪沉积型磷块岩矿床分布的重要地区,其中马路磷矿品位较高,P_(2)O_(5)平均含量30.28%(n=10),但关于其成因机理目前尚不清楚。为此,本文以滇东寒武系马路磷块岩矿床为研究对象,野外地质调查、岩相学和地球化学分析表明,磷块岩矿床的矿物组合主要为胶磷矿和白云石,其次为石英、长石和铁氧化物;普遍发育砂屑结构,颗粒分选良好,次圆状—次棱角状,泥砂质成分较少,在矿层顶部还发育砂糖状结构,同时矿层中还可见楔状交错层理、蜂窝状构造等特征,指示矿床形成于水动力较强的浅水甚至暴露的潮坪相环境。磷块岩具有明显的Ce负异常,Ce/Ce^(*)值介于0.313~0.795,C_(eanom)值均小于-0.1,V/Cr值基本都小于2,且Y/Ho值较高,平均62.3,均指示其沉积于较氧化环境。La_(N)/Nd_(N)>1,Y/Y^(*)>1.5,且MgO随P_(2)O_(5)含量的增加而减少,反映磷块岩成矿过程中可能遭受同生/准同生风化淋滤作用改造,这也是控制磷矿石品位的关键因素。
The Cambrian is one of the globally significant phosphorite-forming periods,during which phosphorites were widely deposited around the world.However,most of these deposits have relatively low grades.In China,the Yunnan—Guizhou region is an important enrichment area for sedimentary phosphate deposits in the early Cambrian period.The Malu phosphorite deposit has a relatively high grade,with an average P_(2)O_(5)content of 30.28%(n=10).Nevertheless,the genesis mechanisms of this deposit remain poorly understood.Therefore,this study focuses on the Malu phosphorite deposit in eastern Yunnan.It investigates the phosphogenesis environment,reveals the phosphogenesis process,and clarifies the key controlling factors,thereby providing a theoretical basis for a deeper understanding of the formation process of sedimentary phosphate-rich deposits.Methods:Based on detailed field investigations and integrated with petrographic and major—trace element geochemical analyses,this study explores the phosphogenesis environment and elucidates the key controlling factors.Through field investigations,petrographic analysis and geochemical studies.Result:The results show that the deposit is primarily composed of collophane and dolomite,with minor amounts of quartz,feldspar and iron oxides.The phosphorites commonly display sand grain structures with good particle sorting,sub-rounded to sub-angular,and a low content of mud—sand components.A sugar-like structure is also present at the top of the ore layer.Additionally,wedge-shaped cross-bedding and honeycomb-like structures are observed.The phosphorites exhibit a pronounced negative Ce anomaly,The Ce/Ce^(*)value ranges from 0.313 to 0.795,with C_(eanom)values all less than-0.1,V/Cr ratios generally below 2,and relatively high Y/Ho values averaging 62.3.The geochemical signatures La_(N)/Nd_(N)>1,Y/Y^(*)>1.5,and the decrease of MgO with increasing P_(2)O_(5)content reflect that the Malu phosphate deposit may have undergone syn-sedimentary or quasi-sedimentary weathering and leaching during its mineralization process.Conclusion:It is concluded that the Malu phosphorite deposit formed in a shallow-water or even subaerially exposed environment,likely within the shallow beach facies of a tidal flat.Geochemical signatures suggest that the phosphorite was deposited in a relatively oxic environment.The main controlling factors for the high grade of the Malu phosphate rock deposit are the strong hydrodynamic conditions of reworking and the combined effects of weathering and leaching.