文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Anthropogenic Rare Earth Elements: Gadolinium in a Small Catchment in Guizhou Province, Southwest China

作者：Zhang, Jue Wang, Zhuhong Wu, Qixin An, Yanling Jia, Huipeng Shen, Yuanyi

第一作者：Zhang, Jue

通信作者：Wu, QX[1];Wang, ZH[2]

机构：[1]Guizhou Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Engn, Minist Land & Resources, Key Lab Karst Environm & Geohazard, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, Peoples R China;[2]Guizhou Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Minist Educ, Key Lab Environm Pollut Monitoring & Dis Control, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, Peoples R China;[3]Guizhou Inst Technol, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, Peoples R China

第一机构：Guizhou Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Engn, Minist Land & Resources, Key Lab Karst Environm & Geohazard, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, Peoples R China

通信机构：corresponding author), Guizhou Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Engn, Minist Land & Resources, Key Lab Karst Environm & Geohazard, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, Peoples R China;corresponding author), Guizhou Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Minist Educ, Key Lab Environm Pollut Monitoring & Dis Control, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, Peoples R China.

年份：2019

卷号：16

期号：20

外文期刊名：INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH

收录：;Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-85074143686);WOS:【SSCI(收录号:WOS:000494779100266)，SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:000494779100266)】；

基金：This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (4186030035, 41603020 41603123,41763019); Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Guizhou Province, China (U1612442); the first-class discipline construction project in Guizhou Province-Public Health and Preventive Medicine (NO.2017[85], GNYL [2017]007); Guizhou Science and Technology Support Program ([2019]2832); Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Land and Resources, Open Fund (2016K03).

语种：英文

外文关键词：gadolinium; anthropogenic; rare earth elements; dissolved

摘要：Rare earth elements (REEs), known as "industrial vitamins", are widely used in medical treatment, industry, agriculture, etc. However, with the increasing demand for REEs, excess REEs, such as gadolinium (Gd), are considered micropollutants in the environment. In this paper, the distributions of dissolved REEs were analyzed in three small streams, in order to determine the extent and occurrence of Gd anomalies. The shale-normalized REE patterns in the three streams were less smooth with heavy REEs higher than light REEs, for a weak reaction of the heavy REE complexes. A negative Ce (cerium) anomaly and positive samarium (Sm) and europium (Eu) anomalies were observed in the three streams and the negative Ce anomaly was affected by the pH of the alkaline rivers. However, a positive Gd anomaly was found in only a typical urban small stream, Jinzhong. With a population of approximately 60,000, Jinzhong runs by a hospital and through wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The concentrations of Gd in Jinzhong ranged from 1.54 to 86.65 ng/L with high anthropogenic Gd proportions (63.64%-98.07%). Anthropogenic Gd showed significant seasonal variations and distinct spatial disparities from upstream to downstream, and it was associated with certain ions such as Cl-. Anthropogenic Gd could be attributed to gadopentetic acid (Gd-DTPA), which is used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in hospitals. This type of Gd was shown to be correlated with municipal wastewater. Due to the high stability and low particulate reactivity in water, anthropogenic Gd has great potential to serve as a tracer to prove the presence of medical wastewater.