文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：安哥拉Bonga矿区双稀矿床特征分析

英文题名：Geological characteristics of rare and rare earth metal deposits in Bonga mining area,Angola

作者：赵胜利 黄波 杨涛 曹其琛 孙芳芳

第一作者：赵胜利

机构：[1]山东地矿国际投资有限公司,济南250000;[2]贵州理工学院资源与环境工程学院,贵阳550003;[3]贵州省有色金属和核工业地质勘查局物化探总队,贵州都匀558000;[4]中国冶金地质总局山东正元地质勘查院,济南250101

第一机构：山东地矿国际投资有限公司,济南250000

年份：2021

卷号：73

期号：3

起止页码：70-77

中文期刊名：有色金属：矿山部分

收录：CSTPCD

基金：安哥拉Bonga铌矿勘查项目、中国地质调查局全国海陆成矿图件编制更新(DD20190368);贵州理工学院高层次人才科研启动项目(XJGC20161101)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：安哥拉Bonga碳酸岩;螺旋构造;全球性成矿专属性;中生代中晚期碳酸岩—碱性岩;双稀矿床

外文关键词：Bonga carbonate of Angola;the mid-late Mesozoic carbonate-alkaline rocks;globally metallogenic specialization;spiral structure;rare and rare earth metal deposits

摘要：通过对安哥拉Bonga铌矿勘查总结的成矿地质背景,运用大陆动力学结合“螺旋构造”观点,分析了全球主要的铌矿床特点得出:矿区分为原生矿和风化砂矿,原生矿为早白垩系碳酸岩以中心式侵入元古代基底中富铌和稀土元素的双稀矿床;矿区碳酸岩在崩落堆积与残坡积后,经后期风化迁出易迁移元素,形成风化砂矿,使赋铌的矿物烧绿石和稀土等元素富集后成为超大型规模的双稀矿床。中生代构造运动和“南非螺旋”作用下,形成了NE向Huombo-Sourimo断裂及中生代Lucapa裂谷系统,产生的早白垩世NE向串珠状,环带式或中心式侵入元古代基底中的多个幔源型碳酸岩—碱性岩,是中生代中晚期地球内部演化过程因重力分异作用下产生的碳酸杂岩—碱性岩富亲石元素组合的熔体—流体,与全球性多地主要的稀有、稀土矿床对应,具全球性重要的成矿专属性:中生代中晚期碳酸岩—碱性岩中稀有、稀土矿床,对区域上NE向中生代裂谷系统分布的多个碳酸岩—碱性岩中寻找双稀矿床具重要指示意义。区域上从前寒武到中生代多期岩浆活动,带来的丰富成矿物质,与区域上已知有色、黑色、贵金属及双稀等多种深源性高密度元素相关的矿床对应,显示了较高找矿远景。
Through researching the geological background of mineralization from Bonga niobium deposit exploration results in Angola,the characteristics of major niobium deposits in the world were analyzed based on continental dynamics combined with the viewpoint of“spiral structure”,and the obtained results were drawn as follows:The ore is divided into primary ore and weathered placer,and the primary ore is the rare and rare earth metal deposits containing niobium-rich and rare earth-rich minerals,from early Cretaceous carbonatite centrally invaded the Proterozoic basement,the carbonate rock-collapsed and accumulated and the residual slope accumulated,ormed weathered placer after the easily migrated elements are removed by later weathering,which enriches the niobium-containing mineral pyrochlore and rare earth elements to form the hyperscale rare and rare earth metal deposits.Under the action of the Mesozoic tectonic movement and the“South African Spiral”,the NE-trending Huombo-Sourimo fault and the Mesozoic Lucapa rift system were formed,and Early Cretaceous NE-trending bead-like several mantle-derived carbonates--alkaline rocks were produced,which invaded into Peoterozoic basement with ring band type or central type,and the melt-fluid combined by carbonate complex-alkaline lean sulphide and lithophile elements produced by gravity differentiation during the inner evolving process of the earth in mid-late Mesozoic,corresponding to major rare and rare earth deposits in many places around the world,with globally important mineralization specificity.The rare and rare earth deposits from mid-late Mesozoic carbonatite-alkaline rock have important indications for the search for the rare and rare earth deposits in the multiple carbonate rocks-alkaline rocks distributing from the NE-trending Mesozoic rift system.The magmatic intrusion from pre-Cambrian to Mesozoic brought abundant metallogenic materials,corresponded with the known nonferrous,ferrous,noble,the rare and rare earth metal deposits,which related to a variety of deep-source high-density elements,showing a high prospecting prospect.