文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：含锗煤烟尘中锗的浸出和精提制备高品位锗精矿

英文题名：Leaching and Refining of Germanium from Coal Soot Containing Germanium to Prepare High-Grade Germanium Concentrate

作者：李海飞 罗波 罗志军 王绍江 龙汉生 张勇民

第一作者：李海飞

机构：[1]贵州中医药大学药学院,贵州贵阳550025;[2]贵州理工学院食品药品制造工程学院,贵州贵阳550025;[3]贵阳倍隆生物科技有限公司,贵州贵阳550214;[4]贵州理工学院资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025;[5]法国索邦大学巴黎分子化学研究所,巴黎75005

第一机构：贵州中医药大学药学院,贵州贵阳550025

年份：2025

卷号：54

期号：3

起止页码：568-574

中文期刊名：当代化工

外文期刊名：Contemporary Chemical Industry

基金：贵州省教育厅高校科技成果转移转化服务乡村振兴示范基地项目(项目编号:黔教技[2022]063号);贵州省科技计划项目(项目编号:黔科合服企[2020]4010号)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：含锗煤烟尘;五倍子单宁;单宁络合物;单宁沉锗;沉锗后液

外文关键词：Coal soot containing germanium;Chinese gallotannin;Tannin complexes;Tannin germanium precipitation;Reacted liquid of germanium precipitation

摘要：以含锗煤烟尘为原料,通过先用NaClO_(3)氧化,再用H_(2)SO_(4)-NH_(4)F混合酸浸出,最后用单宁沉锗的工艺对锗进行富集。最佳浸出工艺条件为:含锗煤烟尘5 g,NaClO_(3)0.2 g,H_(2)O 10 mL,氧化浸提2 h,将NH_(4)F 0.4 g、H_(2)SO_(4)4 mL先混合生成HF后,将混合酸加入浸提液中,酸化浸提4 h,过滤,滤渣进行二次提取。此方法锗浸出率为97.6%。对提取液中锗的精提,用提取液中锗计算含量40倍质量比的五倍子单宁与锗形成络合物,精提锗。选用温度为50℃,恒温振荡2 h,产生沉淀,自然沉降30 min,过滤得到单宁锗。经测定,锗的沉淀率为83.3%。单宁锗氧化焙烧处理后,得到锗精矿,锗精矿的品位达到11.4%。沉锗后液中尚有10%~20%的锗未被回收,并有部分单宁在其中,将沉锗后液套用至含锗烟尘的浸出工艺中,浸出液中的锗浓度可提高20.8%。同时降低单宁用量至20倍时,锗的沉淀率可达81.9%。
Using coal smoke dust containing germanium as the raw material,germanium was enriched through a process that first using NaClO_(3)for oxidation,then using H_(2)SO_(4)-NH_(4)F mixed acid for leaching,and finally using tannin to precipitate germanium.The optimal leaching process conditions were determined as follows:the amount of germanium-containing coal soot 5 g,NaClO_(3)0.2 g,water 10 mL,oxidative leaching for 2 h,NH_(4)F 0.4 g and H_(2)SO_(4)4 mL were mixed first,after HF was generated,the mixed acid was added to the extract,which was acidified and extracted for 4 h,and filtered.The filter residue was subjected to secondary extraction.The germanium leaching rate of this method was 97.6%.Refinement of germanium in the extract solution was carried out by using germanium from the extract solution at a weight ratio of 40 times that of Chinese gallotannin to form tannin complexes for germanium refinement.The temperature was 50℃,the precipitation was generated after the constant temperature oscillation for 2 h,and after the natural settlement for 30 min,the tannin germanium was filtered.The germanium immersion rate was 83.3%.After tannin germanium oxidation roasting,germanium concentrate was obtained.The germanium concentrate reached a grade of 11.4%.However,there was still 10%~20%of germanium in the solution,and some tannin in it.When the solution was applied to a leaching process containing germanium dust,the concentration of germanium in the leaching solution was increased by 20.8%.At the same time,the amount of tannin could be reduced to 20 times,and the precipitation rate of germanium could also reach about 81.9%.