文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Laser-textured two-phase heat-sink surfaces with cavity-size matching and capillarity-dynamics coupling for high-flux immersion cooling

作者：Shi, Er Li, Yucheng Zhong, Xinxiang Peng, Qi Jiang, Changwei Dang, Chao Ding, Yong

第一作者：Shi, Er

通信作者：Shi, E[1]

机构：[1]Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Energy & Power Engn, Key Lab Renewable Energy Elect Technol Hunan Prov, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China;[2]Beijing Jiaotong Univ, Beijing Key Lab Flow & Heat Transfer Phase Changin, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China;[3]Guizhou Inst Technol, Sch Aerosp Engn, Guiyang 550025, Peoples R China

第一机构：Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Energy & Power Engn, Key Lab Renewable Energy Elect Technol Hunan Prov, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China

通信机构：corresponding author), Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Energy & Power Engn, Key Lab Renewable Energy Elect Technol Hunan Prov, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.

年份：2026

卷号：354

外文期刊名：ENERGY

收录：;EI(收录号：20261620540752);Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-105036229771);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001752975500001)】；

基金：This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52576056) , Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (No. 25A0179) , and the Guizhou Provincial Major Scientific and Technological Program (No. XKBF (2025) 031) .

语种：英文

外文关键词：Dielectric immersion cooling; Pool boiling; Two-phase heat sink; Energy-saving implications; Laser surface texturing; Capillarity-dynamics coupling

摘要：Rising heat fluxes in data centers, power electronics, and electrified energy systems demand compact two-phase heat-sink surfaces that provide high heat transfer coefficients (HTC) while maintaining a large dryout margin quantified by the critical heat flux (CHF). Simultaneous improvement both metrics remains challenging because nucleation activation, liquid replenishment, and bubble/vapor dynamics must be coordinated within one surface architecture. Here, a dual-power femtosecond-laser texturing method was developed to fabricate lightweight aluminum heat-sink surfaces featuring hierarchical microchannels integrated with a coral-like nanoporous network. Two connected design concepts were proposed: cavity-size matching, by which the laser-generated microcavity population was tailored to better align with the expected nucleation-relevant size range, and capillarity-dynamics coupling, in which the nanoporous network and microchannel geometry jointly regulated near-wall liquid replenishment and vapor-structure evolution. Immersion pool boiling in the dielectric working fluid HFE-7100, combined with high-speed visualization, showed that cavity-size matching reduced the onset-ofnuclear-boiling superheat to 7.7 K, while capillarity-dynamics coupling increased the maximum HTC to 11.82 kW/(m2 & sdot;K) and the CHF to 421.7 kW/m2. These values corresponded to a 3.36-fold enhancement in maximum HTC and a 2.42-fold enhancement in CHF relative to the smooth aluminum surface. A matched comparison between microchannel-only and microchannel-nanoporous surfaces further isolated the contribution of the nanoporous network to liquid replenishment and vapor-dynamics control. The results establish a mechanistically informed and manufacturable, potentially scalable pathway toward aluminum-based two-phase heat sinks/ evaporators for high-flux immersion cooling, with scenario-based energy-saving implications through temperature-lift/heat-rejection relaxation.