文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Study on the Thermal Runaway Mechanism of Lithium-Ion Batteries Induced by External Short Circuit Under Mechanical Stress State

作者：Ding, Yong Jia, Ruixin Huang, Zhongzheng An, Zhoujian

第一作者：丁玥

通信作者：An, ZJ[1];An, ZJ[2]

机构：[1]Guizhou Inst Technol, Sch Aerosp Engn, Guiyang 550025, Peoples R China;[2]Lanzhou Univ Technol, Sch Energy & Power Engn, Lanzhou 730050, Peoples R China

第一机构：贵州理工学院

通信机构：corresponding author), Guizhou Inst Technol, Sch Aerosp Engn, Guiyang 550025, Peoples R China;corresponding author), Lanzhou Univ Technol, Sch Energy & Power Engn, Lanzhou 730050, Peoples R China.|贵州理工学院;

年份：2026

卷号：12

期号：7

外文期刊名：BATTERIES-BASEL

收录：;EI(收录号：20263121197917);Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-105045837401);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001832255200001)】；

基金：This work was financially supported by the Guizhou Provincial Basic Research Program (Natural Science) [MS(2025)189; ZD(2026)076]; the Guizhou Provincial Major Scientific and Technological Program [XKBF(2025)031]; the Guizhou Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent Workstation [KXJZ(2025)024]; the Academic New Seed Cultivation and Innovation Exploration Project (Guizhou Institute of Technology) [2024XSXM007]; and the Higher Education Institution Scientific Research Project of Guizhou [(2022)264].

语种：英文

外文关键词：external short circuit; thermal runaway; multi-dimensional signal dynamics; mechanical stress

摘要：The pouch cells are typically assembled into modules with mechanical preload to meet voltage/capacity requirements, and the stress state is a critical factor influencing the failure behavior of lithium-ion batteries during external short circuits. This study comparatively analyzes performance differences between mechanically preloaded and unconstrained batteries during external short circuits, quantitatively investigating dynamic trends and safety boundaries of electro-thermo-mechanical signals during short circuits in fully charged (100% SOC) batteries across preloads of 500 similar to 3500 N. Key findings indicate that under the 50C external short-circuit (ESC) condition, mechanical constraint significantly reduces the central peak temperature of the 100% SOC battery, with a measured reduction of 31.6 degrees C. Moreover, constrained cells exhibit well-defined lamellar graphite structures, unlike the surface cracking observed in unconstrained anodes, confirming enhanced safety. Rupture temperatures consistently ranged between 112.00 and 124.00 degrees C across all conditions, with stable temperature rise rates (similar to 0.5 degrees C & centerdot;s(-1)) during short circuits indicating minimal preload impact on heat generation, though excessively high or low preloads accelerated physical damage. Further SOC investigations (10%similar to 100%) demonstrate that lower SOC increases temperature rise rates due to polarization-induced resistance rise, resulting in shorter discharge durations with lower peak temperatures/swelling forces without leakage, while high-SOC cells exhibit prolonged discharge, yielding higher peak temperatures/swelling forces at rupture. This study provides critical insights for enhancing process safety in lithium battery energy storage systems. These findings collectively guide safer battery pack design, module constraint strategies and emergency response protocols to reduce cascading failure risks in stationary energy storage applications.