文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：不同畜禽粪源-秸秆有机肥对土壤和蔬菜中Cr、Cu和Zn积累的影响

英文题名：Effects of Different Animal Manure-straw Organic Fertilizer on Cr,Cu and Zn Accumulation in Soil and Vegetables

作者：马连刚 张维

第一作者：马连刚

机构：[1]贵州理工学院资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550003

第一机构：贵州理工学院资源与环境工程学院

年份：2024

卷号：52

期号：10

起止页码：126-133

中文期刊名：贵州农业科学

外文期刊名：Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

收录：CSTPCD

基金：贵州省科技计划项目“秸秆-畜禽粪便有机肥施用过程中腐殖质对重金属迁移转化影响研究”(黔科合基础﹝2019﹞1417),“贵州喀斯特地区石灰土中腐殖质赋存形态研究”(黔科合平台人才﹝2017﹞5789-18)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：畜禽粪便;秸秆;有机肥;蔬菜;微量元素

外文关键词：animal manure;straw;organic fertilizer;vegetable;trace metal

摘要：【目的】探明不同畜禽粪源-秸秆有机肥对土壤及蔬菜根和叶微量金属元素积累的影响,为畜禽粪源-秸秆有机肥安全施用提供科学依据。【方法】以不施畜禽粪源-秸秆有机肥为对照组,畜禽粪源(羊粪、牛粪、猪粪和鸡粪)的秸秆有机肥为研究对象,采用田间随机区组试验设计种植青菜和白菜,应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤、有机肥和蔬菜微量金属元素含量,研究不同粪源-秸秆有机肥对土壤及蔬菜根和叶微量金属元素积累的响应。【结果】畜禽粪源-秸秆有机肥中金属Zn含量较高,超过欧盟有机肥限量标准;Cu含量中等,低于欧盟有机肥限量标准;Cr含量较低,低于我国有机肥金属限量标准。试验地土壤Zn未超过土壤风险筛选值,土壤Cu和Cr含量超过风险筛选值。土壤pH随施肥量升高而升高。随作物生长,各处理土壤中Cr、Cu和Zn金属元素含量较移栽前均有所下降。总体上,与对照组相比,蔬菜根和叶中Cr含量降低,并随施肥量增加呈降低趋势,蔬菜根和叶片Cu和Zn含量增加。施用有机肥后,青菜叶中Cr含量为0.40~0.44 mg/kg,均低于安全限量;白菜叶Cr中含量为0.21~0.57 mg/kg,均低于CK,仅猪粪秸秆有机肥处理白菜叶中Cr含量接近或超过安全限量,安全风险较高,其余有机肥处理低于安全限量;青菜叶中Cu含量为0.38~0.66 mg/kg,白菜叶中为0.33~0.56 mg/kg,均低于安全限量;青菜叶中Zn含量为4.5~13.2 mg/kg,白菜叶中为5.1~11.8 mg/kg,均低于安全限量。【结论】科学规范施用畜禽粪源-秸秆有机肥,可调控土壤微量金属的迁移特性,控制土壤微量金属元素的生物有效性,降低人群健康安全风险。
【Objective】In order to provide the scientific basis for the safe application of animal manure-straw organic fertilizers,the effects of different animal manure-straw organic fertilizers on the accumulation of trace metal elements in soil,vegetable roots and leaves were explored.【Method】Taking non-application of animal manure-straw organic fertilizer as the control,the animal manure source(sheep manure,cow manure,pig manure and chicken manure)-straw organic fertilizers were selected as the research object.A field randomized block experiment was used to plant Brassica chinensis and Brassica rapa pekinensis.The content of trace metal elements in soil,organic fertilizer and vegetables was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,and then the response of different manure source-straw organic fertilizers to the accumulation of trace metal elements in soil and vegetable roots and leaves was studied.【Result】The metal Zn content in animal manure source/straw organic fertilizers was relatively high,exceeding the EU limit standard of organic fertilizer.Cu content was moderate,which was lower than the EU limit standard of organic fertilizer,and Cr content was relatively low,which was lower than the metal limit standard of organic fertilizer in China.Zn in the experimental soil did not exceed the soil risk screening value,and soil Cu and Cr content exceeded the risk screening value.Soil pH increased with the increase of fertilization amount.As the crops grew,the content of Cr,Cu,and Zn metal elements in the soil under each treatment decreased compared to those before transplanting.Overall,compared with the control group,the Cr content in vegetable roots and leaves decreased and showed a decreasing trend with the increase of fertilization amount,while Cu and Zn content in vegetable roots and leaves increased.After applying organic fertilizer,the Cr content in B.chinensis leaves was 0.40-0.44 mg/kg,which was below the safety level.The Cr content in B.rapa pekinensis leaves was 0.21-0.57 mg/kg,which was lower than CK.Only under the treatment of pig manure-straw organic fertilizer,the Cr content in B.rapa pekinensis leaves was close to or exceeded the safety level,indicating a higher safety risk.The remaining organic fertilizer treatments were below the safety level.The Cu content in B.chinensis leaves was 0.38-0.66 mg/kg,while the Cu content in B.rapa pekinensis leaves was 0.33-0.56 mg/kg,both were below the safety level.The Zn content in B.chinensis leaves was 4.5-13.2 mg/kg,while the Zn content in B.rapa pekinensis leaves was 5.1-11.8 mg/kg,both were below the safety level.【Conclusion】The scientific and standardized application of animal manure-straw organic fertilizer can regulate the migration characteristics of soil trace metals,control the bioavailability of soil trace metal elements,and reduce the health and safety risks of the population.